GS-3 — Science & Technology: Awareness in the fields of Nuclear Technology; Indigenization of technology POLICIES & SCHEMES: 1. Three-Stage Nuclear Power Programme (Homi Bhabha). 2. SHANTI Act (Private nuclear operations). 3. Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB). FURTHER READING: * Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) reporting structure. * Mixed Oxide (MOX) fuel. CLUSTER CONNECTION: Ecological Governance Crisis: The insulation of the nuclear sector from public scrutiny has allowed massive budget/timeline slippages while pursuing “Thorium-based” energy security. SYSTEM-LEVEL INSIGHT: The “Administrative Short-Circuit”: The DAE and AERB both report to the Atomic Energy Commission, meaning the promoter and the regulator are effectively the same entity. This lack of independent oversight is cited as a major reason for the “tedious successes” and safety culture concerns in the breeder programme.
“Why has India prioritised Fast Breeder Reactors despite their global decommissioning in countries like Japan and France?” ENGLISH VOCABULARY & PHRASES: 1. Criticality — the point at which a nuclear chain reaction becomes self-sustaining — Advanced 2. Breeder reactor — a reactor that produces more fissile material than it consumes — Intermediate 3. Reprocessing — treating spent nuclear fuel to recover useful materials — Intermediate 4. Thorium deposits — natural stores of the element thorium — Basic 5. Self-sufficiency — the quality of being able to provide for oneself without help — Basic ________________ ==================== ARTICLE 5 ==================== TOPIC: Regulatory Reform EN_BLOCK
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